Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a synthetic polymer that plays a significant role in various industrial and scientific applications due to its unique properties, including water solubility, biodegradability, and film-forming capabilities. PVA is typically produced through the hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), a polymer derived from the polymerization of vinyl acetate monomers. PVA’s versatility arises from its ability to be tailored to suit a wide range of uses, from medical applications to biodegradable packaging materials.The synthesis of PVA begins with the polymerization of vinyl acetate to produce polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), which is a thermoplastic polymer. This polymer is then subjected to a hydrolysis process, where the acetate groups (-COOCH3) are replaced by hydroxyl groups (-OH), converting the polymer into polyvinyl alcohol.

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